Testing character encoding: correct example

<meta charset="utf-8"> is declared as the very first element inside <head>, matching the encoding the file is actually saved in. Encoding is both a rendering and an accessibility issue, garbled text isn't just visually wrong, assistive technology will read whatever garbled substitute characters result too. The test string below uses literal multi-byte characters, not HTML entities, so a genuine encoding mismatch would actually be visible.

Café — naïve piñata costs €5.99, “today” only.

Expected result: every character above, accented letters, the em dash, the euro sign, and the curly quotes, should render exactly as authored, both visually and when read by assistive technology.

HTML markup

<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  ...
</head>